Bitumen
| the experiment | Test Method | 30-40 | 40-50 | 60-70 | 85-100 | 100-120 |
| Density | ASTM D-7 | 06 / 1-01 / 1 | 06 / 1-01 / 1 | 06 / 1-01 / 1 | 5 0 / 1-1 | 04 / 1-01 / 1 |
| At penetration of mm / 10, 25C degrees | ASTM D-5 | 30-40 | 40-50 | 60-70 | 85-100 | 100-120 |
| Soft point ºC | ASTM D-36 | 55-63 | 52-60 | 49-56 | 45-52 | 42-49 |
| Tensile strength at 25 ºC cm | ASTM D-113 | Min 100 | Min 100 | Min 100 | Min 100 | Min 100 |
| Flash point .C | ASTM D-92 | Min250 | Min250 | Min250 | Min250 | Min250 |
| Solubility in disulfide% wt. | ASTM D-4 | 5/99 | 5/99 | 5/99 | 5/99 | 5/99 |
| Stain test | AASHTO T 102 | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative | Negative |
| Weight loss due to heat% wt. | ASTM D-6 | Max 2/0 | Max 2/0 | Max 2/0 | Max 2/0 | Max 2/0 |
| Effect of diffusion drop on heat,% | ASTM D-6-D-5 | 20 Max | Max20 | Max20 | Max20 | Max20 |
Bitumen INFILTRATION GRADES
VG BITUMENS
In the classification based on the viscosity of bitumens according to the amount of absolute viscosity at 60 ° C or kinematic viscosity at 135 ° C, classification and specific technical criteria have been determined for each of them. Absolute viscosity is expressed in terms of pouza and kinematic viscosity is expressed in terms of centi-stokes. Classification and specifications of pure bitumen are reported in AASHTO – M226 and ASTM – D3381 standards.
Table 1-2: Technical specifications of pure bitumen in terms of viscosity at 60 ° C according to AASHTO-M226.
| the experiment | Degree of viscosity | |||||
| 5/2 AC- | 5 AC- | 10 AC- | 20 AC- | 30AC- | 40AC- | |
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, in Pooz | 50 ± 250 | 100 ± 500 | 200 ± 1000 | 400 ± 2000 | 600 ± 3000 | 800 ± 4000 |
| Viscosity at 135 oC, cSt, minimum | 125 | 175 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 |
| Degree of penetration at 25 oC, 100 g, 5 seconds, minimum | 220 | 140 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 40 |
| Flash point, Cleveland open container, ° C, minimum | 163 | 177 | 219 | 232 | 232 | 23 |
| Solubility in trichlorethylene,% | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 |
| Test on the remaining bitumen thin layer in the test: | ||||||
| Thermal drop,%, max | – | 0/1 | 5/0 | 5/0 | 5/0 | 5/0 |
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, Poiss | 1000 | 2000 | 4000 | 8000 | 12000 | 16000 |
| Bitumen tensile, cm, at 25 ° C at a rate of 5 cm / min, minimum | (1) 100 | 100 | 75 | 50 | 40 | 25 |
| Stain test (depending on the case or according to the specifications) with: | ||||||
| Halal Nafta | Negative result for all the above bitumens | |||||
| Naphtha solvent – xylene, percentage of xylene | Negative result for all the above bitumens | |||||
| Solvent naphtha xylene, percentage of xylene | Negative result for all the above bitumens | |||||
(1) If the tension at 25 ° C is less than 100 cm, it is acceptable provided that the tension at 15.6 ° C with a tension speed of 5 cm / min is at least 100 cm.
Table 1-3: Technical specifications of pure bitumen in terms of viscosity at 60 ° C according to AASHTO-M226
| Residual results of Ashto 240 T test method (1) | Degree of viscosity | ||||
| 10AR- | 20AR- | 40AR- | 80AR- | 160AR- | |
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, Poiss | 250 ± 1000 | 500 ± 2000 | 1000 ± 4000 | 2000 ± 8000 | 4000 ± 16000 |
| Viscosity at 135 oC, cSt, minimum | 140 | 200 | 275 | 400 | 550 |
| Degree of penetration at 25 oC, 100 g, duration 5 seconds – minimum | 65 | 40 | 25 | 20 | 20 |
| Percentage of initial bitumen penetration at 25 – minimum | – | 40 | 45 | 50 | 52 |
| Bitumen tension at 25 ° C at a rate of cm / min5, cm, minimum | (2) 100 | (2) 100 | 75 | 75 | 75 |
| Test on primary bitumen | |||||
| Cleveland open container flash point, oC, minimum | 205 | 219 | 227 | 232 | 238 |
| Solubility in trichlorethylene,% | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 |
(!) Ashto 240 T (bitumen thin layer test) may be used, but Ashto 240 T should be used as a comparative method.
(2) Bitumen tensile less than 100, the material will remain. If the tensile strength of 15.6 oC bitumen is at least 100.
Table 1-4: Technical specifications of pure bitumens in terms of viscosity at 60 ° C according to ASTM-D3381.
| the experiment | Degree of viscosity | ||||
| 5 / 2AC- | 5AC- | 10AC- | 20AC- | 40AC- | |
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, Poiss | 250 ± 50 | 500 ± 100 | 1000 ± 200 | 2000 ± 800 | |
| Viscosity at 135 oC, cSt, minimum | 80 | 110 | 150 | 210 | 300 |
| Degree of penetration at 25 oC, 100 g, 5 seconds, minimum | 200 | 120 | 70 | 40 | 20 |
| Cleveland open container flash point, oC, minimum | 163 | 177 | 219 | 232 | 232 |
| Solubility in trichlorethylene,% | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 |
| Test on residual bitumen: | |||||
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, Poiss, max | 1250 | 2500 | 5000 | 10000 | 20000 |
| Bitumen tension at 25 oC at a speed of 5 cm / min,%, minimum | (1) 100 | 100 | 50 | 20 | 10 |
(1) If the tension at 25 ° C is less than 100 cm, it is acceptable provided that the tension at 15.6 ° C with a tension speed of 5 cm / min is at least 100 cm.
Table 1-5: Technical specifications of pure bitumen in terms of viscosity at 60 ° C according to ASTM-D3381.
| the experiment | Degree of viscosity | |||||
| 5 / 2AC- | 5AC- | 10AC- | 20AC- | 30AC- | 40AC- | |
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, Poiss | 250 ± 50 | 500 ± 100 | 1000 ± 200 | 2000 ± 400 | 3000 ± 600 | 4000 ± 800 |
| Viscosity at 135 ° C, minimum | 125 | 175 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 |
| Infiltration at 25 oC, 100 g, for 5 seconds – minimum | 220 | 140 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 40 |
| The flash point of Cleveland open containers is oC-minimum | 163 | 177 | 219 | 232 | 232 | 232 |
| Solubility in trichlorethylene – minimum – percentage | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 |
| Experiment on the remaining bitumen from the thin layer of bitumen: | ||||||
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, maximum Poiss | 1250 | 2500 | 5000 | 10000 | 15000 | 20000 |
| Tensile strength at 25 oC at a speed of Cm / min5, cm, minimum | (1) 100 | 100 | 75 | 50 | 20 | 10 |
(1) If the tension at 25 ° C is less than 100 cm, it is acceptable provided that the tension at 15.6 ° C with a tension speed of 5 cm / min is at least 100 cm.
Table 1-6: Technical specifications of pure bitumens in terms of viscosity at 60 ° C according to ASTM-D3381
| Experiments on the residue of a thin layer of bitumen (1) | Degree of viscosity | ||||
| 1000AR- | 2000AR- | 4000AR- | 8000AR- | 16000AR- | |
| Viscosity at 60 ° C, in Pooz | 1000 ± 250 | 2000 ± 500 | 4000 ± 1000 | 8000 ± 2000 | 16000 ± 4000 |
| Viscosity at 135 oC, cSt, minimum | 140 | 200 | 275 | 400 | 550 |
| Degree of penetration at 25 oC, 100 g, duration 5 seconds, minimum | 65 | 40 | 25 | 20 | 20 |
| Percentage of degree of penetration of primary bitumen at 25 oC, minimum | – | 40 | 45 | 50 | 52 |
| Bitumen tensile at 25 oC at a rate of 5 cm / min, cm, minimum | (1) 100 | (2) 100 | 75 | 75 | 75 |
| Experiment on the remaining bitumen from the thin layer of bitumen: | |||||
| Cleveland open container flash point, oC, minimum | 205 | 219 | 227 | 232 | 238 |
| Solubility in trichlorethylene, minimum,% | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 | 0/99 |
(1) A thin layer of bitumen may be used in the test. But bitumen thin layer testing should be used as a comparative method.
(2) It is acceptable if the tension at 25 ° C is less than 100 cm. Provided that the tension at 15.6 ° C with a tension speed of 5 cm / min is at least 100 cm.